当完全竞争市场长期均衡时,企业的经济利润()。
A.大于零
B.等于零
C.小于零
D.不确定
A.大于零
B.等于零
C.小于零
D.不确定
在完全竞争理论中,长期均衡条件“价格等于最低总平均成本”意味着:
A.企业要选择利润最大化的产出水平,在短期内不用考虑这个原则,但在长期内必须遵守。
B.只有当企业要选择利润最大化的产出水平时,企业在短期内才必须遵守这个原则。
C.企业在短期内不必考虑这个原则,在长期内也不必考虑。这个条件表明所有企业在长期内的一种倾向。
D.任何追求利润最大化的企业必须在短期内和在长期内遵守这个原则。
E.这个条件只适用于农产品市场。
假设某一特殊行业的信息如下:
QD=6500-100P市场需求
QS=1200P市场供给
C(q)=722+q2/200厂商总成本
MC(q)=2q/200
厂商边际成本
假定所有厂商完全同质,而且市场是完全竞争的。
(1)计算均衡价格、均衡产量、厂商供给产量和每家厂商的利润。
(2)在长期将有厂商进入还是退出市场?试解释。进入或退出将会对市场产生何种影响?
(3)在长期,每家企业销售其产品的最低价格为多少?利润是正的、负的还是为零?解释你的结论。
(4)在短期,每家企业销售其产品的最低价格为多少?利润是正的、负的还是为零?解释你的结论。
Suppose you are give the following information about a particular industry:
QD=6500-100P Market demand
QS=1200P Market supply
C(q)=722+q2/200 Firm total cost function
MC(q)=2q/200 Firm marginal cost function
Assume that all firms are identical and that the market is characterized by pure competition.
a. Find the equilibrium price, the equilibrium quantity, the output supplied by the firm, and the profit of each firm.
b. Would you expect to see entry into or exit from the industry in the long run? Explain. What effect will entry or exit have on market equilibrium?
e. What is the lowest price at which each firm would sell its output in the long run? Is profit positive, negative, or zero at this price? Explain.
d. What is the lowest price at which each firm would sell its output in the short run? Is profit positive, negative, or zero at this price? Explain.
A.当市场不能完全出清时
B.当竞争建立在自身利益最大化的前提上时
C.当厂商追求利润最大化目标时
D.当市场价格不能反映一项交易的所有成本和收益时
A.产品市场均衡
B.要素市场均衡
C.帕累托最优
D.瓦尔拉斯均衡