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"Fingers were made before forks" when a person gives up good manners, puts aside knife and

fork, and dives into his food, someone is likely to repeat that saying.

The fork was an ancient agricultural tool, but for centuries no one thought of eating with it. Not until the eleventh century, when a young lady from Constantinpole brought her fork to Italy, did the custom reach Europe.

By the fifteenth century the use of the fork was widespread in Italy. The English explanation was that Italians were averse to rating food touched with fingers, "Seeing all men's fingers are not alike clean." English travelers kept their friends in stitches while describing this ridiculous Italian custom.

Anyone who used a fork to eat with was laughed at in England for the next hundred years. Men who used forks were thought to be sissies, and women who used them were called show - offs and overnice. Not until the late 1600's did using a fork become a common custom.

The custom of eating with a fork was ______ .

A.brought to Europe from America

B.begun when forks were invented

C.brought to Europe from Asia

D.invented by Italians

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更多“"Fingers were made before fork…”相关的问题
第1题
The Houses of Parliament were

A.never burnt down at all

B.rebuilt before the clock was set up

C.burnt down in 1834 after the clock was made

D.burn down in 1834 and rebuilt the next year

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第2题

The new large passenger jets have made the traffic problems at airports ().

A.more bad than it was

B.the worse than before

C.worse than ever before

D.more bad than they were

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第3题
听力原文:During the early American colonial years, corn was more plentiful than wheat, so

听力原文: During the early American colonial years, corn was more plentiful than wheat, so corn bread was more common than wheat bread. Friendly Indians showed colonists how to grow corn and how to prepare it for food and pioneer women then improved the Indian cooking techniques. When people traveled, they went on foot or horseback, sleeping and eating in the forests. They carried corn bread for sustenance. The corn bread came to be called journeyeake. Later when roads and taverns were built and stagecoaches carried passengers, journeycake became johnnycake, a name many easterners still use for corn bread. The kinds of bread made with cornmeal were and still are almost without limit. Every region has its specialties.

From the start, southerners showed a preference for white eorm:neal, northerners for yellow. And pioneers on the frontier, when they ran out of yeast, made salt-rising bread. They stirred together water, a little water ground cornmeal, potatoes, and salt. They set the mixture, uncovered, in a warm place until it absorbed bacteria from the air and began to ferment. Then they removed the potatoes and used the liquid as leavening for their bread, made with white flour.

(33)

A.The colonists preferred corn bread.

B.Corn was more abundant.

C.The colonists did not know how to make wheat bread.

D.Corn bread did not spoil as rapidly as wheat bread did.

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第4题
The law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcy protection a year afte
r his funeral. After his death, the firm's letterhead properly included him: Patrick S. Lanigan, 1954-1992. He was listed up in the right-hand corner, just above the paralegals. Then the rumors got started and wouldn't stop. Before long, everyone believed he had taken the money and disappeared. After three months, no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.

The remaining partners in the law firm were still together, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes, back when they were rolling and on the verge of serious wealth. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy. Since Patrick's departure, they had tried every possible way to divorce one another, but nothing would work. Two were raging alcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors, but never together. The other two were in recovery, still teetering on the brink of sobriety.

He took their money. Their millions. Money they had already spent long before it arrived, as only lawyers can do. Money for their richly renovated office building in downtown Biloxi. Money for new homes, yachts, condos in the Caribbean. The money was on the way, approved, the papers signed, orders entered; they could see it, almost touch it when their dead partner—Patrick—snatched it at the last possible second.

He was dead. They buried him on February 11,1992. They had consoled the widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead. Yet six weeks later, he somehow stole their money.

They had brawled over who was to blame. Charles Bogan, the firm's senior partner and its iron hand, had insisted the money be wired from its source into a new account offshore, and this made sense after some discussion. It was ninety million bucks, a third of which the firm would keep, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi, population fifty thousand. Someone at the bank would talk. Soon everyone would know. All four vowed secrecy, even as they made plans to display as much of their new wealth as possible. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.

So Bogan took his share of the blame. At forty-nine, he was the oldest of the four, and, at the moment, the most stable. He was also responsible for hiring Patrick nine years earlier, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.

Doug Vitrano, the litigator, had made the fateful decision to recommend Patrick as the fifth partner. The other three had agreed, and when Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name, he had access to virtually every file in the office. Bogan, Rapley, Vitrano, Havarac, and Lanigan, Attorneys and Counselors-at-Law. A large ad in the yellow pages claimed "Specialists in Offshore Injuries." Specialists or not, like most firms they would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative, Lots of secretaries, and paralegals. Big overhead, and the strongest political connections on the Coast.

They were all in their mid-to late forties, Havarac had been raised by his father on a shrimp boat. His hands were still proudly calloused, and he dreamed of choking Patrick until his neck snapped. Rapley was severely depressed and seldom left his home, where he wrote briefs in a dark office in the attic.

What happened to the four remaining lawyers after Patrick's disappearance?

A.They all wanted to divorce their wives.

B.They were all heavily involved in debts.

C.They were all recovering from drinking.

D.They had bought new homes, yachts, etc.

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第5题
The word horsepower(马力) was first used two hundred years ago. (200年前“马力”这个词首The word horsepower(马力) was first used two hundred years ago. (200年前“马力”这个词首次使用。) James Watthad made the first widely used steam(蒸气)engine. He had no way of tllingpeople exactly how powerful it was, for at that time there were no units for measuring (测量)power.Watt decided to find out how much work one strong horse could do in one minute. He called thatunit one horsepower. With this unit he could measure the work his steam engine could do.He discovered that a horse could lift a 3,300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute.Hisengine could lift a 3,300-pound weight 100 feet in one minute. Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten horsepowerengine.

1.The passagesays that Watt made the first widely used steam engine.

A.T

B.F

2.Watt made up a unit of measurement based on the strength of a horse.

A.T

B.F

3.Watt wanted to find a way to lift a 3300-pound weight.

A.T

B.F

4.One horsepower would equal the weight a horse could lift.

A.T

B.F

5.The title of the passageis "How the Term Horsepower Came into Being".

A.T

B.F

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第6题
Country music is an American popular-music style. In its current form, country music is a
combination of two separate musical traditions: the styles of the Southeastern states and the music of the Southwest, especially Texas. Both styles influenced and were influenced by the blues and by the black rural dance music.

The first country artists to be widely known achieved popularity in the late 1920s. The music of these performers was heard throughout tile south during the 1920s and 30s on radio programs.

By the 1950s, country music had become a significant force in pop music. Regular appearances on the radio show made stars of many performers. The singer-songwriter Hank Williams wrote four million-seller songs in 1950, seven in 1951, and four more in 1953.

By the 1970s, "some country musicians began combining country music with electric instruments, creating a country rock sound.

What does "Both styles" in Line 3, Paragraph 1 refer to?

A.Country music style. and the musical style. of the Southeastern states.

B.The musical styles of the Southwestern states and the Southeastern states.

C.The Southwestern musical style. and Texas musical style.

D.The styles of blues and the black rural dance music.

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第7题

To get a sense of how women have progressed in science take a quick tour of the physics department at the University ofCalifornia,Berkeley.This is a storied place the 36 of some of the most important discoveries in modern science-starting withErnest Lawrence' s invention of the cvclotron(回旋加速器)in 1931.

A、 generation ago female faces were 37 and,even today,visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will See a full corridor of exhibits 38 the many distinguished physicists who made history here, 39 all of there white malesBut climb up to the third floor and you' II see a 40 display.There,among the photos of current facnlty members and students are portraits of the 41 head of the department,Marjorie Shapiro and four other women whose reseaich 42 everything from the mecheanics of the universe to the smallest particles of matter.

A、sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago.Although they' re Still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty,women are clearly a presence here.And the real 43 may be in the smaller photos to the right graduate and undergraduate students about 20 percent of them female.Every yearsBerkeley sends its fresh female physics PhDs to the country' S top universities.That makes Shapiro optimistic but also 44 "I believe things are getting bette "she says "but they' re not getting better as 45as i would like."

A.circumstance

B.confidence

C.covers

D.current

E.deals

F.different

G.exposing

H.fastl

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第8题
Elvis Aron Presley,was often called “the king of rock music”,died on August 16th,1977,at the age of forty-two.He left a great influence on popular music,and millions of fans.During his lifetime,Elvis sold more than four hundred million records.After Presley died,many of his records rose quickly.When Presley died,many mourners journeyed to Memphis,Tennessee,Presley’s home,to pay their last respects.While most of these fans knew a lot about the songs of Elvis,few of them knew the story of how Elvis had his first record which was for his mother.He paid four dollars to a small Memphis recording shop,and recorded two songs.The songs were “My Happiness” and “That’s Where Your Heartaches Begin”.Sam Philips,who owned the shop where Elvis made the record,liked Presley’s songs.He said he would call him some day.About a year later,Philips did call and ask him to cut a record.This first record had “Blue Moon of Kentucky”on one side,and “That’s All Right,Mama”on the other.1.The passage is mainly about how Elvis Presley began his career.A、T B、F 2.Mourners are usually record-producers.A、T B、F 3.Without the record for his mother,Elvis might not have become a star.A、T B、F 4.When Presley died,people went to Memphis for his mother’s story of life.A、T B、F 5.The passage shows that many people loved Elvis.A、T B、F
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第9题
The founders of the Republic viewed their revolution primarily in political rather than ec
onomic or social terms. And they talked about education as essential to the public good--a goal that took precedence over knowledge as occupational training or as a means to self-fulfillment or self- improvement. Over and over again the Revolutionary generation, both liberal and conservative in outlook, asserted its conviction that the welfare of the Republic rested upon an educated citizenry and that schools, especially free public schools, would be the best means of educating the citizenry in civic values and the obligations required of everyone in a democratic republican society. All agreed that the principal ingredients of a civic education were literacy and the inculcation of patriotic and moral virtues, some others adding the study of history and the study of principles of the republican government itself.

The founders, as was the case of almost all their successors, were long on exhortation and rhetoric regarding the value of civic education, but they left it to the textbook writers to distill the essence of those values for school children. Texts in American history and government appeared as early as in the 1790s. The textbook writers turned out to be very largely of conservative persuasion, more likely Federalist in outlook than Jeffersonian, and almost universally agreed that political virtue must rest upon moral and religious precepts. Since most textbook writers were New Englander, this meant that the texts were infused with Protestant and, above all, Puritan outlooks.

In the first half of the Republic, civic education in the schools emphasized the inculcation of civic values and made little attempt to develop participatory political skills. That was a task left to incipient political parties, town meetings, churches and the coffee or ale houses where men gathered for conversation. Additionally as a reading of certain Federalist papers of the period would demonstrate, the press probably did more to disseminate realistic as well as partisan knowledge of government than the schools. The goal of education, however, was to achieve a higher form. of unum (one out of many used on the Great Seal of the U. S. and on several U. S. coins) for the new Republic. In the middle half of the nineteenth century, the political values taught in the public and private schools did not change substantially from those celebrated in the first fifty years of the Republic. In the textbooks of the day their rosy hues if anything became golden. To the resplendent values of liberty, equality, and a benevolent Christian morality were now added the middle-class virtues--especially of New England--of hard work, honesty and integrity, the rewards of individual effort, and obedience to parents and legitimate authority. But of all the political values taught in school, patriotism was preeminent; and whenever teachers explained to school children why they should love their country above all else, the idea of liberty assumed pride of place.

According to the passage, the founders of the Republic regarded education primarily as ______.

A.a religious obligation

B.a private matter

C.a matter of individual choice

D.a political necessity

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第10题
Campaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor t
he people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battlements, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc, complete. Every village has its defense. Every family cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honour has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from one end of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.

Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and the British Government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan which could acquire if. One could actually remain in one's own house and fire at one's neighbour nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hitherto unheard-of ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were therefore offered for these glorious products of science. Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.

The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they driven back (which after all was no more than fair) ,but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cases this was their practice under what was called the" butcher and bolt policy" to which the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys, and in particular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. There was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with profound distaste. All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another, and a

A.loans.

B.accounts.

C.killings.

D.bargains.

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第11题
Woodrow Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when he said that
the free enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. Maximum freedom means maximum productiveness; our "openness" is to be the measure of our stability. Fascination with this ideal has made Americans defy the "Old World" categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling deprivation, a "status quo" defended or attacked.

The United States, it was believed, had no status quo ante. Our only "station" was the turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. We did not base our system on property but opportunity—which meant we based it not on stability but on mobility. The more things changed, that is, the more rapidly the wheel turned, the steadier we would be. The conventional picture of class politics is composed of the Haves, who want a stability to keep what they have, and the Have-Nots, who want a touch of instability and change in which to scramble for the things they have not. But Americans imagined a condition in which speculators, self-makers, runners are always using the new opportunities given by our land. These economic leaders (front-runners) would thus be mainly agents of change. The nonstarters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority that can call things to a halt, begin things again from compensatorily staggered "starting lines."

"Reform" in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the extension of this metaphor of a race, wider inclusion of competitors, "a piece of the action," as it were, for the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race. Since our only stability is change, America seems not to honor the quiet work that achieves social interdependence and stability. There is, in our legends, no heroism of the office clerk, no stable industrial work force of the people who actually make the system work. There is no pride in being an employee (Wilson asked for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). There has been no boasting about our social workers--they are merely signs of the system's failure, of opportunity denied or not taken, of things to be eliminated. We have no pride in our growing interdependence, in the fact that our system can serve others, that we are able to help those in need; empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present achievements, make us try to forget or deny them, move away from them. There is no honor but in the Wonderland race we must all run, all trying to win, none winning in the end (for there is no end).

Which of the following best expresses the author's main point?

A.The absence of a status quo ante has undermined United States economic structure.

B.The free enterprise system has been only a useless concept in the United States.

C.The myth of the American free enterprise system is seriously flawed.

D.Fascination with the ideal of "openness" has made Americans a progressive people.

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