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[主观题]

People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conc

lusion that it developed 【C1】______ as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and 【C2】______ a very simple affair in the beginning. 【C3】______ , when we observe the language behavior. of 【C4】______ we regard as primitive cultures, we find it 【C5】______ complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words 【C6】______ to get along reasonably well, much larger than the active vocabulary of a (n) 【C7】______ businessman who speaks Eng-fish. 【C8】______ , these Eskimo words are far more highly inflected (词尾变化的) than 【C9】______ of any of the well-known European languages, for a 【C10】______ noun can be spoken or written in 【C11】______ hundred different forms, each 【C12】______ a precise meaning different from that of any other. The forms of the verbs are even more 【C13】______ . The Eskimo language is, 【C14】______ , one of the most difficult in the world to learn, 【C15】______ the result that almost no traders or explorers have 【C16】______ tried to learn it. Consequently, there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon 【C17】______ to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are 【C18】______ from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish, Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon 【C19】______ is usually referred to by travelers 【C20】______ "the Eskimo language".

【C1】

A．unceasingly

B．continuously

C．gradually

D．continually

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更多“People thinking about the orig…”相关的问题

第1题

A dream is one kind of experience.It seems as real as something that actually happens;

in it the dreamer takes actions and reacts.During dreams the body is asleep but the thinking part of the brain is wide awake.In fact, it is more active than it sometimes is when the body is awake.

One group of researchers decided to see what would happen if they stopped people from dreaming.As soon as the electroencephalograph (脑电图仪) registered a dream pattern, researchers woke the dreamer.They did this all night for several nights, every time the person started to dream.

The experiment revealed that people who were unable to dream became nervous, easily upset, and hungrier.As soon as they were able to sleep without interruptions they lost their nervousness and became normal again; however, they then had more dreams than usual.It was as if they were catching up on their dreams.

To check these findings, the researchers carried on a control experiment.Again they woke people during the night, but during non-dreaming periods.These people did not change their daytime behavior.And when they were allowed to sleep without interruptions (打断), the number of their dreams did not increase.

Experiments like these have caused scientists to ask if dreams serve a purpose.Researchers know, for example, that some people who go for days without sleep will suffer from hallucinations (幻觉).Certain people even begin to show signs of mental illness.Some researchers believe that people become this way because they cannot have their usual numbers of dreams.According to this theory dreaming helps people to lead normal lives.

1).This passage is mainly about ________.

A.people’s need for dreams

B.the damage dreams do to people’s health

C.dreams and realities

D.the relationship between dreams and diseases

2).According to the passage, dreams ________ .

A.are considered to be people’s real experiences

B.help cure people of nervousness and mental illness

C.happen in the thinking part of the brain

D.cannot go on as before after the dreamer is woken

3).People who slept with interrupted dreams showed signs of the following sufferings EXCEPT________ .

A.nervousness

B.anxiety

C.hunger

D.sleepiness

4).When people were woken during non-dreaming periods, they ________.

A.suffered from hallucinations

B.felt upset and nervous

C.had more dreams than usual

D.remained normal in their daytime behavior

5).The sentence “It was as if they were catching up on their dreams” in Para.3 probably means ________.

A.they seemed to do as their dreams dad told them to

B.they seemed to make up for the losses of dreams

C.they seemed to dream less because of the interruptions

D.they seemed to sleep more after the interruptions

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第2题

Why was Bastille important to the citizens of Paris？ The building of the Bastille had been

started in 1370 under Charles V. By the seventeenth century it had stopped to be important for defense. Cardinal Richelieu turned it into a prison. It was not an ordinary prison to punish common crimes. Its huge doors closed only on enemies of the King. The Bastille’s workings were secret. Prisoners were taken to it in closed vehicles. Soldiers on guard duty had to stand with their faces to the wall. No talking was allowed. Worst of all, a prisoner never knew if he would be there a day, a week, a year, or forever. Only the King’s letter could set him free. Over the years the number of arrests by King’s letter had become fewer. By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions (贪污腐败) of the government. Voltaire, the famous French writer, spent a year there in 1717 ~ 1718, and another 12 days in 1726. For those who believed in free speech and free thinking, the Bastille stood for everything evil. The day it was captured, only seven prisoners were found inside. Still, the Bastille was hated by the people. It was a symbol of the King’s complete power. The Bastille had been a prison __________ . A. since the time of Charles V

B. since 1370

C. before the seventeenth century

D. since the time of Cardinal Richelieu

At the time of its fall, the Bastille housed __________ . `A.a large number of prisoners

B.a lot of writers who had been against the government

C.some dozens of people who believed in free speech and free thinking

D.only a few prisoners

According to the passage, which of the following statements is FALSE？A.Anyone who did something wrong could find himself suddenly in the Bastille

B.The Bastille was only for those who were opposed to the King

C.Things done in the Bastille were hardly known to people outside

D.Voltaire was twice put in the Bastille

This passage mainly __________ .A.tells how the prisoners were controlled by the King

B.tells how little was known about the Bastille

C.shows the inner workings of the Bastille

D.gives a brief history of the Bastille

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？A.All prisoners in the Bastille had to stay there for life

B.Over the years the number of prisoners in the Bastille was getting more and more

C.The King could put people in, or let them go out, as he wanted

D.At the time it was captured, there were so few prisoners in it that it meant little to the people

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第3题

听力原文：Ask the average American,"What is freedom？"You will probably hear,"It's being abl

听力原文： Ask the average American,"What is freedom？"You will probably hear,"It's being able to do what I want to do." When Americans think of freedom, they often think of individualism.They see themselves more as individuals than as members of a family or social group.

In American culture.freedom means equality.The Declaration of Independence states that"all men are created equal."That does not mean equal in abilities or status.For Americans,equality refers to equal worth and equal opportunity. Every individual should have an equal chance to improve his life.True,America has not always lived up to that ideal.For many years,Native Americans,African Americans and immigrants have protested their unequal treatment. But American culture still teaches that people can work hard and fulfill their dreams.Whether this idea is true or not,people hear rags-to-riches stories often enough to confirm it in the minds of many people.

Freedom arouses strong feelings for Americans.The idea of liberty binds people together in this"land of the free." However,problems still exist.One individual's freedom can conflict with the rights of others. Someone once said,"You have the freedom to swing your fist around if you want.But your freedom ends where my nose begins."People can also become too concerned about their own rights.They might demand special treatment.However,the path to freedom is not completely smooth.Even so,for Americans,no other road is really worth traveling.

What do Americans often think of when thinking of freedom？

A．Collectivism.

B．Equality.

C．Social group.

D．Individualism.

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第4题

We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistake

s are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？" "When I got that great job, did Jerry really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends--or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you, "you're a lucky dog".Is he really on your side？ If he says, "You're a lucky guy" or "You're a lucky gal", that's being friendly.But "lucky dog"？ There's a bit of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn't see it himself.But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture (体态)？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

1.From the questions in the first paragraph we can learn that tile speaker ().

A.feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

B.feels he may not have "read" his friends' true feelings correctly

C.thinks it was a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend, Helen

D.is sorry that his friends let him down

2.In the second paragraph, the author uses the example of "You're a lucky dog" to showthat ().

A.the speaker of this sentence is just being friendly

B.this saying means the same as "You're a lucky guy' or "You're a lucky gal"

C.sometimes the words used by a speaker give a clue to the feeling behind the words

D.the word "dog" shouldn't be used to apply to people

3.This passage tries to tell you how to ().

A.avoid mistakes about money and friends

B.bring the "dog" bit into our conversation

C.avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

D.keep people friendly without trusting them

4.In listening to a person, the important thing is ().

A.to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eyes

B.to listen to how he pronounces his words

C.to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture

D.not to believe what he says

5.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ().

A.be able to get the real meaning of what people say to you

B.avoid any mistakes while talking with people who envy you

C.not lose real friends who say things that do not please you

D.be able to observe people as they are talking to you

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第5题

The Thinking Habit That Changed My Life I remember one evening three years ago, when my

life was verydifferent. 1 was overweight. I was deeply in debt. I was a smoker. I felthopeless and helpless.I couldn ’t change anything.

Then I looked up at the sky and thought what a miracle life is. And Iresolved to list the good things in my life. I had a wonderful wife. 1 hadfive amazing children. I could sec and appreciate the beauty of the worldaround me. The list went on, but you get the idea. Even when thingsseemed terrible for me, actually I was OK.

That night I resolved to be grateful for what I had, and for the peoplein my life. I started the habit of gratitude. Now many people consider itunimportant. I&39;m here to tell you that it&39;s very important. It changes lives. Now I appreciate my wife Eva more. I feel good about having her inmy life. And we have deepened our relationship. I also appreciate mykids more. Instead of criticizing them, I tend to notice their loveliness,curiosity and humor. to others around me, at work and everywhere else, because insteadof seeing the faults in everyone, I see the good, and am grateful for them. I need less，because instead of thinking about what I don&39;t have, I amgrateful for what I do have. Each and every moment becomes cause forgratitude, and life becomes easier.

Without the habit of gratitude, we tend to complain and see the badin people and things. We can&39;t change that at once, but you can dosomething. For example, you can start with a small action. Really feel thehappiness that something o someone is in your life, or take a moment tomake a list of the things in your life that you&39;re thankful for.

1.I was unhappy with my life three years ago.

A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

I drank every day and couldn't stop it.A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

I was unable to support my family.A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

I now try to see the good in others.A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

I am now more strict with my kids.A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

A small action doesn't work to change one ’s bad habit.A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

I like making friends with people around me

A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

One evening I came to a new understanding of my life

A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

Now I have a closer relationship with my wife

A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

Many people value the habit of gratitude nowadays.A.True

B.False

C.Not Given

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第6题

阅读：We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money,

Questions 21 to 25 are　based on the following passage:

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car？” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side？ If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”？ There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.

“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker　is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does　what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his　eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.

A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly

C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend

D) is sorry that his friends let him down

22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.

A) is just being friendly

B) expresses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You ' re a lucky gal.”

C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to people

D) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words

23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.

A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye

B) to listen to how he pronounces his words

C) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture

D) not to believe what he says

24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.

A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaning

B) get along well with people

C) trust what other people say

D) have no doubts about our friends

25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.

A) avoid mistakes about both money and people

B) say things elegantly

C) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

D) keep people friendly without trusting them

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第7题

The eyes are the most important 【61】 of human body that is used to 【62】 information. Eye c

The eyes are the most important 【61】 of human body that is used to 【62】 information.

Eye contact is crucial for establishing rapport (融洽关系) 【63】 others. The way we look at other people can 【64】 them know we are paying attention to 【65】 they are saying. We can also look at a person and give the 【66】 we are not hearing a word. Probably all of us have been 【67】 of looking directly at someone and 【68】 hearing a word while he or she was talking 【69】 we were thinking about something totally 【70】 to what was being said.

Eye contact allows you to 【71】 up visual clues about the other person; 【72】 , the other person can pick up clues about you. Studies of the use of eye contact 【73】 communication indicate that we seek eye contact with others 【74】 we want to communicate with them, when we like them, when we are 【75】 toward them (as when two angry people 【76】 at each other) , and when we want feedback from them. 【77】 , we avoid eye contact when we want to 【78】 communication, when we dislike them, when we are 【79】 to deceive them, and when we are 【80】 in what they have to say.

(61)

A．unit

B．part

C．link

D．section

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第8题

Most human beings actually decide before they think. When any human being—executive, speci

alized expert, or person in the street—encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action？ Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how intelligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themselves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.

A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the part of the "losing" faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the decision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.

There is a better way. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, "It isn't who is right, but what is right, that counts."

The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology, the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never march.

The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it's possible to organize the experts' information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group; it's a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.

From the first paragraph we can learn that______.

A．executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the street

B．very few people decide before they think

C．those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do so

D．people tend to consider carefully before making decisions

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第9题

Television has opened windows in everybody’s life.Young men will never again go to war

as they did in 1914,Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle.And the result has been a general dislike of war,and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the screen.Television has also changed politics.The most distant areas can now follow state affairs,see and hear the politicians before an election.Better informed,people are more likely to vote,and so to make their opinion count.Unfortunately,television’s influence has been extremely harmful to the young.(76)Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world; that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless.They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable.All educators agree that the “television generations” are more violent than their parents and grandparents.Also,the young are less patient.(77)Used to TV shows,where everything is quick and interesting,they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read a book that requires thinking; to listen to a teacher who doesn’t do funny things like the people on children’s programs.And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten,fifteen,or thirty minutes.That’s the time it takes on the screen.

1.In the past,many young people ______.

A.knew the effects of war

B.went in for politics

C.liked to save the wounded in wars

D.were willing to be soldiers

2.Now with TV people can _____.

A.discus politics at an information center

B.show more interest in politics

C.make their own decisions on political affairs

D.express their opinions freely

3.The author thinks that TV advertisements _____.

A.are not reliable on the whole

B.are useless to people

C.are a good guide to adults

D.are very harmful to the young

4.Which is NOT true according to the passage？_____

A.People have become used to crimes now

B.With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly

C.People now like to read books with picture

D.The adults are less violent than the young

5.From the passage,we can conclude that _____.

A.children should keep away from TV

B.TV programs should be improved

C.children’s books should have pictures

D.TV has a deep influence on the young

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第10题

选词填空：Let’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that

those who can’t seem to keep their inner monologues (独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain 26 better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.

According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to 27 mental pictures helps people function quicker.

In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty 28 and asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were 29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips 30 . Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn’t, the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that 31 the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.

Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you’ve 32 matured is not a great sign of 33 . The two professors hope to refute that idea, 34 that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.

Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any 35 , there’s still such a thing as too much information.

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